Managing Change Project Of Vodafone Marketing Essay

3 Steps to Acing Your Upcoming Group Interview You’ve been approached in for a board meet. Perhaps you’re threatened. Perhaps frightened. Possibly you’re not even sure you comprehend what that really involves. Whatever your degree of fear, here are three simple strides to traversing your board meet tranquilly and in one piece. Stage 1: BEFOREYou reserve the privilege to ask who will be on your board. Do this. At that point inquire about each board part as well as could be expected. You’ll have the option to make sense of a considerable amount and get ready better for what each may be generally quick to ask you. What does this specific gathering of individuals educate you regarding what the organization is attempting to assess?You can likewise ask to what extent (generally) the meeting should last. This will give you a nice sentiment for what amount to and fro conversation will be conceivable, how much space you’ll be given to pose inquiries, to what extent your answers can be, etc.Step 2: DURING Treat every individual on the board like an individual not simply one more anonymous face. This isn't an indifferent divider asking you inquiries. Every questioner on your board is another chance to make a human association and persuade that a lot more individuals in the organization what an extraordinary fit you would be.Be sure to observe everybody’s name as they are presented. Record every one if that causes you recall. When responding to questions, talk straightforwardly to the person who asked, yet then attempt to widen your answer out to cause the remainder of the board to feel remembered for the discussion.Step 3: AFTERYou’ve took in their names and put forth an attempt to interface with each board part presently thank every single one of them earnestly withâ solid eye to eye connection and a quality handshake. From that point forward, it’s the typical post-meet follow-up methodology. Be that as it may, recall that you have to keep in touch with one card to say thanks for each board part. It appears to be a torment, however it’s these little contacts that will help set you apart.The board talk with: 6 hints for previously, during, and after

Wedding in the Pakistani culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Wedding in the Pakistani culture - Essay Example Pakistan and India have lived respectively for a considerable length of time until 1947, when the two nations went separate ways with one another with the Muslim lion's share in the previous and the Hindu larger part in the last mentioned. In spite of the fact that, since 1947, the two nations have not had great relations with one another and have had numerous wars from that point forward, yet there are numerous qualities of the Hindu culture that are imbued in Pakistanis, and same remains constant for the Indians too. The two countries, having lived respectively for a considerable length of time, share standards and values, and numerous qualities of their societies are indistinguishable. Mehndi happens to be one of them, however there is no hugeness of Mehndi in Islam, that happens to be the religion of a greater part of Pakistanis. In Islam, there is Nikah and Walima. Be that as it may, Mehndi is an extremely solid social element of a Pakistani wedding, and any wedding is viewed as inadequate without the capacity of Mehndi. The capacity of Mehndi is explicitly implied for singing and dancing.Some Pakistanis want to have two Mehndi capacities, one for the lady and the other for the husband to be, while a larger part of Pakistanis arrange one Mehndi work, that stands both for the lady of the hour and the lucky man together. The capacity of Mehndi is in a general sense implied for women, and gentlemen have practically no portrayal in this capacity, especially in the more held class of Pakistanis. In any case, present day families especially the exclusive class guarantees equivalent support of the two women and gentlemen in the capacity. Clothing standard: Yellow is the most prevailing shading in a customary Pakistani Mehndi work. Yellow shading is related with Mehndi on the grounds that Mehndi itself is a solid shade of yellowish earthy colored. Yellow shading reflects in the stage, blossoms, design, dresses, strips, wedding dress and the window ornaments. Most women wear shades of yellow. The dresses are circumscribed with brilliant strips to keep up the yellow subject alongside loaning the pinch of celebration to common yellow garments. Men, then again, have no particular shading definition for their Mehndi dresses. They may wear any shading from white to dark. Once more, there is variety in the shading plan in men’s Mehndi dresses relying on the conservatism of the individuals praising the capacity. In very efficient Mehndi capacities, all men and young men that are identified with the lady of the hour or husband to be wear Kurta Shalwar of same shading, normally white or dark. The Kurta is topped with a Pattu. Men’s Pattus appear to be a lot of like the girls’ Dupattas, however they are entirely extraordinary. Men’s Pattus are longer than girls’ dupattas and are explicitly implied for the capacity of Mehndi. Other than the Mehndi work, Pakistani men don't wear Pattus. (â€Å"Pakistan Mehndi Dresses P ictures†). Importance of Mehndi: Mehndi being a basic part of a conventional Pakistani wedding, discusses the work of Pakistanis and the magnificence of the way of life of Pakistan. The capacity brings about a ton of cost to the coordinators. Actually, a significant piece of the all out costs of a conventional Pakistani wedding goes into the Mehndi work. Notwithstanding its tremendous cost, individuals arrange it for no other

Current Essay Topics For Upsc - Personal Safety, Economic Issues

Current Essay Topics For Upsc - Personal Safety, Economic IssuesCurrent essay topics for upsc are typically classified into two major sections. In this brief article, I will discuss the topic of personal safety, and if you are a current college student looking to research a topic you may be interested in reading more about, this is probably a good place to start.The first of the two topics discussed in the essay section, Personal Safety, is usually the latest major national or international news issue that everyone is talking about. A lot of this recent attention has been focused on our schools, and on how our school systems failed to keep students safe.The new perspective on this issue brought on by the issue has led to a much needed paradigm shift, as many believe that protecting students from harm is now more important than maintaining their safety. Because of this new perspective, there are now multiple national companies who specialize in teaching the safety of students.The seco nd of the two topics which are covered in current essay topics for us, is the topic of a current issue related to the economy and how it affects our world. Many American citizens are starting to realize that although the economy is recovering, it is in no way similar to what we had before the recession began. As a result, many citizens have begun to seek out alternative methods to improve their quality of life.With a large portion of the country struggling, the demand for alternative methods of earning a living is increasing. As a result, people are now researching more about how they can change jobs and start a new career. Another aspect of this current issue is that it has brought on a wide variety of college classes, some of which are designed to give students a more current idea of current economic and political events.As a matter of fact, students in general are starting to become aware of the importance of caring for their own personal and student lifestyle. It is important fo r them to take care of themselves, since most adults tend to worry more about how their children are doing, and less about how they themselves are doing. This causes many people to turn to self-care options like dieting, exercise, and balanced dieting.If you are a current college student, you can take advantage of current essay topics for upsc. By reading the books and articles written by the professionals, you will not only gain a fresh perspective on current issues, but you will also be exposed to other career related topics, all while making sure you stay on top of your schoolwork. This will be a great resource for you when your paper is due.

Whered You Go, Bernadette Book Club Questions

Is your book club is looking to dig into the comic mystery of Whered You Go, Bernadette? by Maria Semple? This book has over-the-top humor laced with social commentary. Its a fun and quick read that brings to mind several questions, although none of them are very deep.  Whered You Go, Bernadette? is a quick, fun read that has enough discussion for a book club but is light enough for a beach bag. Its good for anyone who wants to disappear for a little while. If you find your book club has been reading too many books that leave you emotionally wrung out and intellectually challenged, its a nice change of pace. Spoiler Warning: Finish the book before reading on as characters and situations are included in the questions. If you dont want your reading experience spoiled, stop right here and come back when you are done! Book Club Questions for Whered You Go, Bernadette?   These questions will help jump-start the discussion. You can add more questions to the list as well as any insights you gained while reading. What was your favorite scene in Whered You Go, Bernadette?Did you think Bernadette had died?Were you surprised by Audreys turnaround? Was it realistic?Do you think Elgin and Bernadette can have a happy future?Are you familiar with TED Talks? What did you think of Elgins TED Talk?Were there any cultural jabs that rang particularly true for you, especially if you have lived in Seattle or the Pacific Northwest?Did this book make you want to go to Antarctica?Do you like the over-the-top style of the book or not, and why?Do you like books that include emails and other items, and what other books does this style remind you of?Which of Bernadettes antisocial attitudes and actions do you identify with, if any?Rate Whered You Go, Bernadette? on a scale of 1 to 5. Give a one to two sentence explanation of your score. Preparing for Your Book Discussion As you read the book, bookmark pages and underline particular sections that interest you or that you found humorous. If these provoke specific insights or cause you to start musing about something, write those down. After you finish the book, return to the bookmarks. What further questions and musings are brought to mind? Is there a character that you particularly identify with, and why? Is there a character you truly dislike and what about them incites these emotions? Maria Semple was one of the writers of Arrested Development, and some of the characters and events in Whered You Go Bernadette? reflect the over-the-top style of the show rather than being realistic. But this style can certainly bring out a laugh.

Evaluation Of Debt And Equity Funding - 1006 Words

Evaluation of Debt and Equity Funding The way the business is funded for its operation and business plans is a crucial factor for the long-term performance of the business. Two most fundamental financing methods include debt and equity financing which will be discussed and evaluated. Equity financing is a method of raising fund from investors with the promise of a share in business ownership. Debt financing is obtaining a loan from external party separate from the business for example the bank and usually involves incurring an interest payment. Advantages of debt financing include protection of ownership and tax reduction. Lenders have no claim on business ownership and debt financing ensure retained ownership. Another benefit includes tax reduction, the repayment of debt is considered as an expense for the business leading to a reduction in tax. Disadvantages include the repayment and lender claim on business asset. For debt financing there is a fixed repayment date, while equity financing does not require repayment. E ven when the company is making a loss, the business needs to make debt repayment regularly for example in a monthly basis to lender such as bank. Usually when business default its debt, the lender can claim its assets as collateral. Interest rate is an integral part of debt financing. Due to inflation, the value of the same amount of money diminish overtime as a result, there is an interest rate for all loan. Long-term loan is comparatively more costly thanShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of Debt And Equity Funding898 Words   |  4 Pages Evaluation of Debt and Equity Funding Debt funding provides the business with finance from current and non-current liabilities, such as a short-term bank overdraft and loans. Particularly, debt financing is from external sources and it usually charges interest. 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Project Management Plan For Music Festival - Click Here to Get Solutio

Question: Discuss about the Project Management Plan for Music Festival. Answer: Introduction For events like, music festivals that are going to be held in Victoria country , it is important to manage them efficiently with the use of proper planning, and management approaches. These festivals can provide multiple benefits to desirable and healthy society by mitigating the different negative impacts of other issues and problems (Jones 2014). In order to achieve the incredible potential of the music festivals, sustainable festival management of music celebrations must turn out to be generally adopted and extended as basic practice (Rivera 2014). This report provides a brief discussion about the different approaches that can be used for better management of the music festival (like using fast tracking, Gantt chart for resource allocation). The approaches related to the resource planning, risk assessment (risk register, response to risk etc), mitigation and leadership are discussed in this report. In addition to this, justification for the selected approach is also provided in the following sections of this report. Development of Resourcing Plan, Risk Management Plan and Leadership Management Plan for the Music Festival Project The size and nature of the occasion will have an immediate bearing on the level of required hardware, administrations, facilities, staff and time required to get it going. According to Hull (2015), there are several approaches available to a project managers like crashing, resource allocation using Gantt chart and anticipating and resolving the resource overload issues. Resource planning Resource Describe the resource for example: network engineer. Skill Level or Material Quality Associated Task(s) Duration Required Cost Unit of Cost (Hour, Day, Week, Month Fixed) Project Team Project manager Highly qualified and experienced Managing the whole team. Until the completion of the event. $200 day Accountant moderate Tracking the expanses done for setting up the stage and equipments. From the staring of the plan to the budgeting process $75 day Equipment coordinator high Acquiring and maintaining the different equipments. Completion of the setup of the stage for the performance $125 day Hospitality coordinator Advanced Managing the entrance and exit of the audience At the time of entry and exit of the visitors from the venue. $100 day Visitor service event manager Advanced Taking care of the different services provided to the visitors of the festival. At the time of the performances in the festival. $150 day Facilities Catering facilities High To provide food and beverages to the visitors From the start to the end of the show. $500 Day Lost Found High Collect and return the lost goods. From the start to the end of the show. $100 Hour First aid and emergency services Moderate For any health emergency of visitors. From the start to the end of the show. $75 Day Drinking water High To provide drinking water to the visitors. From the start to the end of the show. $50 Hour Equipment Site decoration equipments High To decorate the stage and the site for the festival. Before the start of the festival $750 Hour Transport vehicles High To provide transport facility to the visitors as the venue is in hilly area. During the show $500 Hour Power generation and wires for distribution. High For managing all the power requirements of the festival From the start to end of the festival. $300 Hour Onsite logistics High To manage all the waste after the show. After the show. $250 Day Table 1: Resource allocation table (Source: created by author) Resource overloading approach: This approach is helpful in assigning tasks to the team members in such a way that, no one of them gets burdened by the task. It also helps in the efficient and optimal use of the human resources (Georges, Semaan and Rizk 2014). Fast tracking or Crashing: The fast tracking is about ding the tasks in a parallel manner that is originally scheduled for done in a sequential manner. Therefore, the resources are not wasted as there is no waiting for a task to be completed. In addition to that, it can be said that, the fast tracking does not involve any cost or increase any cost related to the tasks and the whole project. Risk Management Plan As it is estimated that, there will be almost 8000-12000 people will attend the festival, therefore, it is possible that due to the negligence of any employee or visitor the event gets badly. This are considered as the risks to the whole event (Tomai et al 2013). Following table presents the different risks related to the festival. Risk ID Description Risk Owner Risk Trigger Risk Category Probability (1-3) Impact (1-3) #01 There is a chance that the project cost will exceed the amount that the company has budged for the work. accountant If the expected work remaining will cost more than $5000 over budget the team will need to seek additional funding from sponsors. Financial 2 3 #02 It may happen that due to the narrow roadways the vehicle gets inside to the ground. Visitor service event manager If any car comes inside the venue of the festival, then the volunteers will try to send it back to the road. Security 1 3 #03 Due to the excessive pressure of the workload, it may happen that the employees get stressed out. Project manager The shift timing for the employees must be rotated so that, a particular employee does have to complete a lot of task. Staffing 2 2 Table 2: Risk register for the festival (Source: created by author) Leadership/Management For managing the music festival, forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning steps are used for managing the project team. Step Functionalities Forming In this stage the project, team member meets with each other and determines the goal for the project at the same time they talk about the challenges and opportunities of this undertaken project. Storming In this stage, the team members of project team raise their opinions against the actions of the leader (Lundgren and McMakin 2013 ). This stage helps the team to be more versatile, thus can complete the project effectively. Norming This stage unites the whole team that shares a common goal and greater intimacy between the different members. Performing At this stage the team members and the team leaders becomes autonomous and are able to make decisions for the better completion of the project. Adjourning In this stage the project gets completed and Justification for the Selected approaches to manage the festival Resourcing Resource overloading approach: The best way is to determine the overload of the specific resources. Like, it may be determined that, which are the team members having two or more tasks in their hand to complete, then a new schedule for a project must be developed so that, the skillful employees does not have a hectic workload (Rokooei, Goedert and Fickle 2015). This rescheduling includes, hiring of new personnel if the resource overload is for long-term. The project manager must ask for overtime to meet the deadline of the project. After taking over the project, it is important for the project manager to determine the availability of the resources whenever they are required. The estimation of the resources is not done according to the actual workload on a specific resource (Inoue, Mori and Komiya 2012). On the contrary, the fast tracking approach is helpful in completing the project in the estimated budget by executing the tasks in a parallel way. Risk management For risk management, the risk register approach is used for this project. This approach is selected as it asks for input from the project team members as well as from other stakeholders. This document contains the probability occurrence of the risk, its severity, and the mitigation plans as proposed by the different stakeholders (Ballantyne, Ballantyne and Packer 2014). On the other hand, another risk management approach is to respond to risk. This approach states the steps like avoid, transfer, accept and mitigate risks. This approach is used by the teams whenever the project impacted by any risk (Kendrick 2015). Leadership/Management For managing the event, the selected approach includes the following steps, forming, norming, storming, performing and adjourning. This approach is selected as it clearly defines the roll and responsibility for each of the team member. Therefore, each team member will have proper list of tasks that are going to be completed by them. Conclusion From the above discussion it is clear that, there are several approaches for resource planning, risk management and leading an event management team for the music festival like the music festival of the Victoria country. In order to manage the resources optimally, to accommodate the large number of the visitors, performances of individuals and bands it is important to choose the appropriate approaches. In addition to that, it is suggested to partner with the local organizations so that before and after the festival the wastes from the venue can be easily removed. Moreover, to maintain the cleanliness at the venue during the show, it is important to have clearly market waste bins so that, visitors can easily notice them and use them for waste disposal. References Ballantyne, J., Ballantyne, R. and Packer, J., 2014. Designing and managing music festival experiences to enhance attendees psychological and social benefits.Musicae Scientiae,18(1), pp.65-83. Georges, N., Semaan, N. and Rizk, J., 2014. Crash: An Automated Tool for Schedule Crashing.International Journal Of Science, Environment, and Technology,3(2), pp.374-394. Hull, J., 2012.Risk Management and Financial Institutions,+ Web Site(Vol. 733). John Wiley Sons. Inoue, Y., Mori, K. and Komiya, S., 2012, April. Automatic creation of countermeasure plan against process delay: creation of countermeasures based on crashing and fast-tracking valve. InProceedings of the 11th WSEAS international conference on Applied Computer and Applied Computational Science(pp. 243-251). World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society (WSEAS). Jones, M., 2014.Sustainable event management: A practical guide. Routledge. Kendrick, T., 2015.Identifying and managing project risk: essential tools for failure-proofing your project. AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. Lundgren, R.E. and McMakin, A.H., 2013.Risk communication: A handbook for communicating environmental, safety, and health risks. John Wiley Sons. Newton, P., 2015. Managing the Project Schedule. Parent, M.M. and Smith-Swan, S., 2013.Managing major sports events: Theory and practice. Routledge. RIVERA, J., 2014. THE EFFECTS OF CHANGING GROUP SIZE IN MY WORKSHOP IN FUNDAMENTALS OF MATHEMATICS. Rokooei, S., Goedert, J. and Fickle, K., 2015. Using a Simulation Model for Project Management Education. In7th Conference on Higher Education Pedagogy, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA. Scherrer, J.L., Olco?, K., Butterfield, A.K. and Kebede, W., 2015. Bringing experiential educational groups to the United States: an analysis of group development in an international travel and study program.Social Work Education, pp.1-13. Tomai, M., Mebane, M.E., Rosa, V., Ingravalle, V. and Benedetti, M., 2013. Do virtual groups experience less conflict than traditional teams?.Global Journal on Technology,4(2).

Phraseological Units in Sommerset Maughams The Moon and Sixpence free essay sample

English and American linguists as a rule confine themselves to collecting various words, word-groups and sentences presenting some interest either from the point of view of origin, style, usage, or some other feature peculiar to them. These units are habitually described as idioms but no attempt has been made to investigate these idioms as a separate class of linguistic units or a specific class of word-groups. American and English dictionaries of unconventional English, slang and idioms and other highly valuable reference-books contain a wealth of proverbs, sayings, various lexical units of all kinds, but as a rule do not seek to lay down a reliable criterion to distinguish between variable word-groups and  phraseological units. Attempts have been made to approach the problem of phraseology in different ways. Up till now, however, there is a certain divergence of opinion as to the essential feature of phraseological units  as distinguished from other word-groups and the nature of phrases that can be properly termed phraseological units. We will write a custom essay sample on Phraseological Units in Sommerset Maughams The Moon and Sixpence or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The complexity of the problem may be largely accounted for by the fact that the border-line between free or variable word-groups and phraseological units is not clearly defined. The so-called free word-groups are only relatively free as collocability of their member-words is fundamentally delimited by their lexical and grammatical valency which makes at least some of them very close to set-phrases. Phraseological units  are comparatively stable and semantically inseparable. Between the extremes of complete motivation and variability of member-words on the one hand and lack of motivation combined with complete stability of the lexical components and grammatical structure on the other hand there are innumerable border-line cases. (Ginzburg 1979) Interest in phraseology has grown considerably over the last twenty years or so. While the general linguists’ view of phraseology before that time can probably be caricatured as â€Å"idiom researchers and lexicographers classifying and researching various kinds of fairly frozen idiomatic expressions†, this view has thankfully changed. Nowadays, the issues of identifying and classifying phraseologisms as well as integrating them into theoretical research and practical application has a much more profound influence on researchers and their agendas in many different sub-disciplines of linguistics as well as in language learning, acquisition, and teaching, natural language processing, etc. While translating word-groups and phraseological units, grammatical and lexical phenomena are viewed as inseparably connected. Functions of word-groups and their particular meanings are determined only in certain sentences. A word keeps its semantic identity standing in different contexts. One of the main problems in the art of translation is phraseology. In this context, it is a disheartening fact that most of the language-pair-related phraseological dictionaries are unidirectional (source language to target language) and based on a selection of the target languages phraseological units. The problem with the unidirectional approach is the very important fact that phraseological units cannot simply be reversed. It is necessary to make a new selection among the idioms of the former target language in order to achieve a central, adequate corphraseological units s of lexical units (lemmata). On rare occasions the lexical meaning of idiomatically bound expressions can coincide with their direct, i. e. , not transferred meaning, which facilitates their understanding. There is also the possibility of a non phraseological translation of an idiom. This choice is preferred when the denotative meaning of the translation act is chosen as a dominant, and one is ready to compromise as to the presentation of the expressive color, of the meaning nuances, of connotation and aphoristic form. In the case of non phraseological rendering, there are two possibilities: one can opt for a lexical translation or for a calque. The lexical translation consists in explicating through other words the denotative meaning of the phraseologisms, giving up all the other style and connotation aspects. In the case of the hammer and anvil idiom, a lexical rendering could be to be in an uneasy, stressing situation. The calque would consist instead in translating the idiom to the letter into a culture where such a form is not recognized as an idiom: in this case the reader of the receiving culture perceives the idiom as unusual and feels the problem to interpret it in a non literal, metaphorical way. The calque has the advantage of preserving intact all second-degree, non-denotative references that in some authors’ strategy can have an essential importance. It is true that the reconstruction of the denotative meaning is left to the receiving culture’s ability, but it is true as well that the metaphor is an essential, primal semiotic mechanism that therefore belongs to all cultures. Phraseologisms – or expressions that would aspire at becoming so – are formed in huge quantities, but do not always succeed. Sometimes are formed and disappear almost simultaneously. The only instances that create problems for the translator are the stable, recurrent lexical idioms, which for their metaphorical meaning do not rely only on the reader’s logic at the time of reading, but also, and above all, on the value that such a metaphor has assumed in the history of the language under discussion. Translating of national idiomatic expressions causes also some difficulties for a translator. Being nationally distinct, they can not have in the target language traditionally established equivalents or loan variants. As a result, most of them may have more than one translators version in the target language. It may be either a regular sense-to-sense variant (an interlinear-type translation) or an artistic literary version rendering in which alongside the lexical meaning also the aphoristic nature, the expressiveness, the picturesqueness, the vividness, etc. of the source language phraseologism/idiom. The aim of this term paper is to investigate phraseological units in Somerset Maugham’s â€Å"The Moon and Sixpence† and their translation into Armenian, to explore peculiarities of some translation of phraseological units in the context.

Amos Is Identified As The Prophet Amos Religion Essay Essay Example

Amos Is Identified As The Prophet Amos Religion Essay Essay Example Amos Is Identified As The Prophet Amos Religion Essay Essay Amos Is Identified As The Prophet Amos Religion Essay Essay Introduction: The writer of the Book of Amos is identified as the prophesier Amos. Amos was the first prophesier in the Bible whose message was recorded at length. Although he came from a town in Judah, he preached to the people of the northern land of Israel, about the center of the 8th century B.C. The Book was likely written between 760 and 753 B.C. As a shepherd and a fruit chooser from the Judean small town of Tekoa, he was called by God, even though he lacks an instruction or a priestly background. His mission is directed to his neighbor to the North, Israel. It was a clip of great prosperity, noteworthy spiritual piousness, and evident security. But Amos saw that prosperity was limited to the wealthy, and that it fed on unfairness and on subjugation of the hapless. Amos ministry takes topographic point while Jeroboam II reign over Israel, and Uzziah reigns over Judah. Amos can see beneath Israel s external prosperity and power ; internally the state is corrupt to the nucleus. In short, they had forgotten what it meant to follow God. Amos took his sturdy message straight to the spiritual governments of his twenty-four hours, alternatively of listening to him, they threw him out. In the same manner that Amos challenged the Israelites to reconsider their precedences, he challenges us in the flood tide to his book, and reminds us of what God wants ( Amos 5:24 ) . In this essay, I wish to compose an debut on the Book of Amos. Background and Meaning of Amos: The Book of Amos is set in a clip when the people of Israel have reached a low point in their devotedness to God. The people have become greedy and have stopped following and adhering to their values. The people in Amos clip expected the day of the Lord to be a field day ; but Amos pointed a different image of ineluctable panic. Scholars have understood Amos image of Yahweh go throughing through the thick of the people of Israel as an allusion ; to his go throughing through Egypt. They make mention in this respect to ( Exodus 12:12 ) . For I will go through through the thick of you ; says Yahweh. Harmonizing to Amos, Israel is guilty of unfairness toward the inexperienced person, hapless and immature adult females. As penalty Yahweh s retribution would be directed against Israel, and the prophesier warns his audience ; Is non the twenty-four hours of the Lord darkness in it ( Amos 5:20 ) . The day of the Lord was widely celebrated and extremely anticipated by the followings of God. Amos came to state the people that the day of the Lord was coming shortly and that it meant godly opinion and justness for their wickednesss. Structure and Subject: The nine chapters of the Book of Amos stress one cardinal subject. The people o the state of Israel has broken their compact with God, and his opinion against their wickedness will be terrible. In the first major subdivision of the book, Amos begins with seize with teething words of opinion against the six states environing the lands of Judah and Israel. These states are Damascus, Gaza, Tyre, Edom, Ammon and Moab. Next he announces God s opinion against Judah, Israel s sister state to the South ; and because of Israel s resentment toward Judah ; Amos hearer must hold greeted this call of day of reckoning with pleasant understanding. Further, the 2nd major subdivision of the book of Amos is the prophesier s three seize with teething discourses of opinion against the state of Israel ( 3:1 6:14 ) . He referred to the wealthy, luxury-seeking adult females of Samaria the capital metropolis of Israel as cattles of Bashan ( Amos 4:1 ) . He besides attacked the system of graven image worship which king Jeroboam II had established in the metropoliss of Bethel and Gilgal ( Amos 4:4, 5:5 ) . The state of affairs clearly called for a brave prophesier who could name the state back to reliable religion, every bit good as a policy of equity and justness in their traffics with their fellow citizens. In the 3rd major subdivision, the prophesier Amos presents five visions of God s nearing opinion. The prophesier s vision of a basket of fruit is peculiarly in writing. Amos described the state of Israel as a basket of summer fruit, connoting that it would shortly botch and rut in the vesiculation Sun of God s opinion ( 8:1 14 ) . Amos unquestioning obeisance and his clear announcement of God s message show that he was committed to the Lord, and His rules of sanctity and righteousness comes through clearly in the book. Amos made it kick that Israel would be judged badly unless the people turned from their wickedness and looked to the one true God for strength and counsel. The Book of Amos ends on a positive, optimistic note. Amos predicted that the people of Israel would be restored to their particular topographic point in God s service after their season of opinion had come to an terminal ( Amos 9:11-15 ) . This note of hope is characteristic of the Hebrew Prophetss ; they pointed to a glorious hereafter for God s people, even in the thick of dark times. Evaluation: The Book of Amos is one of the most facile calls for justness and righteousness to be found in the Bible. It came through a low shepherd who dared to present God s message to the wealthy and influential people of his twenty-four hours. Amos lived up to his name as he declared God s message of opinion in dramatic manner to a iniquitous and disobedient people. Amos message is merely every bit seasonably for our universe, since God still places a higher value on justness and righteousness. Amos spoke because the Lord had called him to present His message of opinion. This is one of the clearest statement of irresistible impulse of the Godhead call to be found in the Bible. Decision: Amos is known as the great prophet of righteousness of the Old Testament. His book underlines the rule that faith demands righteous behaviors. True faith is non a affair of detecting feast yearss, offering burned offerings, and idolizing at sanctuary, but reliable worship consequences in changed behavior, seeking God s will, handling others with justness and following God s bid. A positive spirit, which issued from Amos deep religion in God sustained the prophesier and gave him hope for the hereafter. This great penetration is summarized by these words from the prophesier. Let justness tally like H2O and righteousness like a mighty watercourse ( 5:24 ) . Although Amos was a shepherd by business, his book gives grounds of careful literary workmanship. The technique which the prophesier used was puns or dramas on words to drive place his message. For illustration when the prophesier negotiations about the summer fruit suggest the terminal of the land of Israel ; like ripe summer fruit, Israel was mature for God s opinion.

Capital Structure and Sustainability System

The transition planned by the organizations depends on the needs of their sustainability and growth. The understanding of the urgency helps the organizations to modify based on the internal and the external changes of trends in the society or the structure. The adaptability of the organization to determine the change helps in determining the capability of the organization to sustain in the markets. Various resources are required by the organization for maintaining its sustenance in the markets. However, there are issues faced by the organizations while undertaking the change in the systems and the functioning of the same. The discussion that is being undertaken will be helping in enhancing the perception of the sustenance of the organizations in the market. However, the issues that are faced by the organizations relating to their sustenance are also being enumerated as a part of the discussion. The week has helped me in understanding the different sustainability issues that are faced by the organizations while making the changes in the structure and the functioning of the business. According to Bogan (2012), the sustainability of the organizations is determined by the Triple Bottom Line, which helps in the determination of the concepts of sustainability conceived by the organization in the market. The introduction to the social and the humanitarian aspects of the sustainability of the organization is based on the proper functioning of the organization as per the norms of the society. On the other hand, the balance that the organization undertakes in its economic aspects helps in maintaining the position in the market. The proper understanding of the needs of conservation of the ecological resources has helped in maintaining the proper supply of the raw materials to the organization (Rosen & Kishawy, 2012). The instructor pointed out the issues that the organizations might face while determining the transition initiatives is dependent on the factors of the imbalance in systems and functioning of the organization relating to the aspects of sustainability. In certain cases, the organizations compromise the humanitarian or the social approach in order to gain economic superiority in the market. The instructor cited the example of Amazon where the company has taken steps to maintain its profitability (Milne & Gray, 2013). However, the company has failed to keep up with the promises of the humanitarian and the social based sustainability. Therefore, the organization faces a risk while retaining the human labor of the same. From the week’s lessons, I have learned the different aspects that are required to be taken by the organizations in order to maintain the sustainability of the same in the market. on the other hand, the issues that are being faced by the organizations while implementing the change based on the three faced model of sustainability has helped me in understanding the different aspects of the change in the market. We were introduced to the concepts of social, environmental and the economic sustainability and the manner in which the concepts affect the sustainability of the organization as a whole. The week has helped me in understanding the different capitals and their structures as they help the business in maintaining their sustainability in the markets. The different aspects of the capital are based on the understanding of the functioning of the business firms in the market (Benn, Edwards & Williams,   2014). Sustenance of the organization is mainly characterized by its smooth functioning in the markets and thereby the capitals help the organizations to maintain their functioning on a smooth and uninterrupted basis. We were assigned by our instructor to identify the different capital structure of different organizations, which has helped in clearing the concepts of the capitals that are required by the organizations to undertake the smooth functioning as per the needs of the market. The understanding of the internal and the external capital helps in the determination of capabilities of the organization to bring in the changes as per the needs of the market. On the other h and, the determination of the human capital of the organization helps in determining the supporting force that helps in the smooth functioning of the processes of the organization to being in sustenance in their systems (Ehnert, Harry & Zink, 2013). The determination of the capital and the manner in which they function as per the needs of the business helps the organization in maintaining the balance of sustenance in the markets. The week has helped me in understanding the different aspects of the capitals and the manner in which they are employed in the management of the organization in order to facilitate the sustenance. The difference in the capital structure and the management that is being undertaken by the organization helps in determining the change in the structure and the functioning of the organization in the market (Stoughton & Ludema, 2012). The week’s lesson has helped me in understanding the importance of the different capitals that are used by the organizations to bring in the changes in the functioning of the same. The week’s class has helped me in understanding the different approaches that are being undertaken by the organization in order to support their cause of sustainability in the market. The major aspects of the approaches are based on the understanding of the needs of the organization to undertake the means of sustainability in the market. According to (Benn, Dunphy   & Griffiths, 2006) the six phases of sustainability approaches undertaken by the organization are Rejection, Non-responsiveness, Compliance, Efficiency, Strategic proactivity and the sustainable organization. It helps in the proper understanding of the different characteristic factors where the company manipulates over the functioning in order to gain the sustainability in the market as per the needs of the same. The understanding of the objectives of the organization helps in maintaining the balance of the sustainable options that affects the proper functioning of the organization in the market. The week’s lesson has helped me in understanding the different approaches that are being undertaken by the organizations in order to maintain the sustainability of the same in the market. On the other hand, the instructor undertook steps in order to cite examples from various organizations to make us aware of the changes in the structure and the functioning, which has helped the organizations to sustain in the global markets (Smith, 2012). The citation of the companies that have failed to sustain in the market has helped in clarifying the objective of the approaches of sustainability undertaken by the organizations. Therefore, from the above lessons that we were taught in our class, which was held for three weeks has helped in the understanding of the different factors, that affects the sustainability of the organizations in the market. On the other hand, the classes have helped us in enumerating the different capital structure and functioning that helps the organizations in maintaining their sustenance in the markets. Benn, S., Dunphy, D., & Griffiths, A. (2006). Enabling change for corporate sustainability: An integrated perspective.  Australasian Journal of Environmental Management ,  13(3), 156-165. Benn, S., Edwards, M., & Williams, T. (2014).  Organizational change for corporate sustainability. Routledge. Bogan, V. L. (2012). Capital structure and sustainability: An empirical study of microfinance institutions.  Review of Economics and Statistics,  94(4), 1045-1058. Ehnert, I., Harry, W., & Zink, K. J. (Eds.). (2013).  Sustainability and human resource management : Developing sustainable business organizations. Springer Science & Business Media. Milne, M. J., & Gray, R. (2013). W (h) ither ecology? The triple bottom line, the global reporting initiative, and corporate sustainability reporting.  Journal of business ethics,  118(1), 13-29. Rosen, M. A., & Kishawy, H. A. (2012). Sustainable manufacturing and design: Concepts, practices and needs.  Sustainability,  4(2), 154-174. Smith, P. A. (2012). The importance of organizational learning for organizational sustainability.  The Learning Organization,  19(1), 4-10. Stoughton, A. M., & Ludema, J. (2012). The driving forces of sustainability.  Journal of Organizational Change Management ,  25(4), 501-517.

Problem Organization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Problem Organization - Essay Example This paper hereby describes the historical context of CBHF referring to its vision and mission along with various other factors to assess the actual problem inherent to its discontinuation suggesting remedial measures which could have assisted in neglecting such a consequence. Introduction Clinton Bush Haiti Fund (CBHF), which was established as a non-profit organization to rescue the victims of 2010 earthquake in Haiti, was on a verge of closing down its operations on December 31, 2012. The reason behind closing the organization of CBHF Bush Haiti Fund was reported to be the insufficiency of adequate funds for the development of individuals in the socio-demographic region of Haiti. It has also been observed that there is further requirement of nation building in the regions of Haiti; however, an insignificant numbers of members are observed to be interested in providing hard work for the organization. In addition, the inadequacy of funds that had been raised for the development of t he region and to execute other necessary operations of the non-profit organization can also be regarded as a threat to the sustenance of CBHF. Owing to its deteriorating financial stance, the organization also had to face bankruptcy risks which again caused severe threat to its existence and effectiveness or success in delivering the intended facilities to the community people in Haiti (Daniel, 2012). To make the matter worse, the organization has been disregarded to be eligible to acquire funds in terms of donations from its stakeholders since 31st December, 2012 thus contributing towards its financially deteriorating health (Foundation Center, 2013). Moreover, the organizational members were heavily criticized for inefficiency in providing effective decisions for the betterment of Haiti people in the society along with lacking any report for substantial progress which accumulatively caused the problems for CBHF (Weisbrot, 2013). With reference to this case example, the paper inten ds to discuss on the history, outcomes, law in practice, and solutions for the problems witnessed by CBHF. The paper also discusses on ethical issues of the organization providing rational recommendations for future avoidance of such problems. History CBHF is a non-profit organization established in the year 2010, with a vision and mission to assist the population in Haiti and therefore contributing towards building the country in a better way. As per its norms being a non-profit organization, CBHF has been utilizing the donation gathered through grants, loans and investments in equity for promotion of growth of job along with sustainable development of the entire economy. On its establishment, the organization envisioned towards fostering diversity and competitiveness of the economy of Haiti with the support of prevalent nonprofit organizations and focusing on partnering with profit entities (Clinton Bush Haiti Fund, 2010). Mission The mission of the organization had been to delive r consistent assistance to the people living in the society of Haiti in deprivation of adequate basic amenities. Moreover, promotion of economic opportunities was also considered as an important mission of the organization (Clinton Bush Haiti Fund, 2010). Key Individuals The key individuals, associated with the organization since its establishment, were reported to be the two former US Presidents, Mr. Bill

The Influence of International Training on Firefighters' Training Dissertation

The Influence of International Training on Firefighters' Training Performance Outcomes - Dissertation Example As an attempt to decrease the unfavorable outcomes among firefighters, majority of fire departments incorporate these fire training regimens, including physical training programs that will ensure the competence and physical fitness of firefighters when in duty. Firefighters obtain learning through a combination of classroom and practical training that enables these individuals to maintain or further enhance such competences. The importance of providing training and development opportunities for firefighters has been signified by the implementation of policies and considerable amount of resources invested for workers to acquire learning and knowledge. However, it has been asserted by Moats, Chermak, and Dooley (2008) that for training systems to yield positive outcomes, its effectiveness must be assessed as well. Many organisations have been known to lack the resources for providing training that is not measured with regards to its significance in the attainment of organisational goal s. According to Brinkerhoff (2005), training and development of workers must be in adherence to the accomplishment of long-term objectives. Effectiveness is a major aspect of worker training and development for any organisation due to the fact that this enables workers to attain and enhance the necessary skills and knowledge for successfully carrying out their duties. For these organisations to establish and maintain efficient programs, it is highly significant for these training systems to be evaluated to ascertain its consistencies with the overall strategy of the former. Exploring the related procedures and decisions that are carried to ensure training effectiveness is equally important as well (Mitroff, 2005). While organisations who require workers for increased security, including the use of fire departments, have allocated a significant amount of money for developing well-trained and competent workforce members, there remains a need to look into their efficiency in carrying o ut these services. Therefore, this study places an emphasis on the training programs provided to firefighters, particularly in the Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Saudi Aramco), to evaluate these activities and programs and their outcomes on both the organisation and the firefighter themselves. Saudi Aramco is known as the Saudi Arabian Oil Company that is a state-owned oil company in Saudi Arabia and is expected to be the most valuable company that is privately-owned in the world. Aside from maintaining a large hospital and offer health insurance for workers, Saudi Aramco is also known for having a number of fire stations that provide both residential and industrial services. Its industrial security was established twenty years ago as a means of ensuring the safety of the industrial and residential vicinities within and surrounding the company. However, a major challenge for the company is to provide satisfactory fire protection with which both the hard and soft infrastructure should be emphasized (Shelley and Smith, 2008). While the hard infrastructure is comprised of the facilities, its soft counterpart focuses on the individuals who carry out the work. It has been a concern for the Saudi Aramco to enhance their fire protection services as well as the safety of their own firefighters by

Starbucks :: essays research papers

Starbucks is a corporation that offers specialty coffees, coffee beans, cold blended beverages, pastries, coffee related products and machines, and tea. Starbucks opened its first location in 1971 in Seattle. By the year 2000, Starbucks had over 3300 locations, and it is still growing. SWOT STRENGTHS:  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2000 marked 5th consecutive year of sales increase.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Low long-term debt to equity ratio of 0.01, company has good financial standing.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1993, Opens second roasting plant in Kent, Washington in order to maintain on-time production and delivery, then in 1995 opened state of the art roasting facility in York, Pennsylvania.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Howard Schultz joins corporation in 1982, is a visionary leader who made Starbucks the famous coffee bar that it is today. In 2000, Schultz assumed role of chairman and chief global strategist. WEAKNESSES:  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Low presence in third largest coffee market, Japan and Asia.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Limited (currently increasing) channels of distribution. OPPORTUNITIES:  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Schultz sees opportunity to make coffee/espresso bar available to everyone: (i.e.: new channels of distribution) o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1990 – Horizon Air Account o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1991 – First licensed airport location o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1992 – Nordstrom Account o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1993 – Barnes & Noble relationship o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1994 - Starwood Hotel Account o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1995 – United Airlines Account o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1997 – Canadian Airlines Account o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1998 – Grocery store coffee bars due to agreement with Kraft Foods. o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2000 – Host Marriott International Agreement  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Global Opportunities: o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Opens locations in several countries.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Other types of drinks, including cold coffee beverages, blended drinks, fruit drink, and tea. THREATS  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Small coffee shops in New York are trying to compete with Starbucks on the basis of customer loyalty.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Protesting against Starbucks for using milk with artificial bovine growth hormone. GOST GOALS  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Open 1,200 new locations in 2001, 900 in the United States.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Open new store in Vienna by end of 2001.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Open 10-15 new stores in Zurich within the next 12-18 months.  ·Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Distribution of new Bottled Frappuccino Coffee Drinks, from affiliation with PepsiCo, to entire USA by September 2001.

Baroque and Impressionism Essay

Baroque art refers to the style that would be found in Europe and North and South America during the 17th and 18th century. The Catholic Church heavily influenced their art, as well as the Protestant rising up during this time. There was an emphasis on unity and harmony in all of the visual arts that often had themes from the Bible or stories. There was realism and more attention was paid to physical details in portrait paintings, there was more light contrast, landscapes were more expansive and there was use of more deep, rich colors. In architecture there were structures that expressed humans longing for spirituality and there was extreme presentation and in the grand scale it was reflected theatrically (Mindedge, 2013). In the Baroque period the art would depict a play, that it was not just a picture but every figure would have meaning, the art was meant to be read just not looked at as decoration. Figures would be drawn with realism, they have depth in the art, and they are almost falling off the page. They used dark shades and lights to show realism in their paintings. This was brought on with the further discovery of how our universe was formed, how we are not the center of the universe and also with that discovery, we discovered that Europe is not the middle of the Earth as well. Each painting had a story, told about us, about real people and there was more realism than before. Sculptures were made to be experienced, they were made not as standing men but men in action, they told a story in each sculpture that was made in this period. The social conditions that contributed to the Baroque period began with the rebirth of people, the Catholic Church had overcome the Protestant rising. There was new life and new water brought in to Rome and other major cities. We made discoveries that had shown us that the Earth was not the center of the universe like we had previously thought, also the discovery that the Earth was not flat. We had explored across the Atlantic and discovered the Americas as well. This was a time of great growth and triumph, and this was all shown in our paintings, which told their stories, and the sculptures that shared their tales. Impressionism which would be found in France in the late 19th century, took a fresh bold approach to painting. Impressionism did not paint pictures of the past, or historical figures but instead they painted pictures of their reaction to now. There were pictures of current landscapes, current people and the painting was often done very vividly using lights and colors and were very over simplified, often leaving out many details. Many artists focused on the interactions between sunlight and color and the way that the light would be interpreted by the eye. Storing paint in tubes at this time allowed artists to paint outside the studios, they could take their canvas, put it down in front of a scene and paint it in the natural light and see how it impacted the landscape (Mindedge, 2013). In the Impressionism era the opera house in France was completed, there was a time that new classes of people came forth and they felt they should be able to enjoy themselves. Paintings were painted at events, they were treating the world as a spectacle, there would be people enjoying themselves, going about their everyday lives and that was depicted in their paintings. It would be open air, mostly simple art, visible brush work and no form that made their work look sloppy. There was much interest in painting outdoors and each artist would put their own vision on the landscape. The relationship between the Baroque and the Impressionism periods were few, the stylistic similarities between the eras were using lighting to make the paintings come to life, they would paint in a way that it would tell a story, the Baroque period there would be large canvas that would go from one story to the next, and in the Impressionism period artists would paint a party, a gathering and show what it was like, or give the current mood and story behind the event. The differences between the periods is the detail in the art. The Baroque period paid large attention to detail in the art, there was blending and lighting differences and the art was life like. The Impressionism period the art was often like a draft, there would be paint brush marks on the painting still, there would be blotches lines and there would be details missing from the paintings. Baroque and Impressionism do have similarities with their subject matter. Ordinary objects and people were used as subject matter in the Impressionism time. This was also used in the Baroque period since the painters did not create art just for the upper class, and it was painted for the merchant class as well which led them to use ordinary people and objects in their art. Impressionism deviated from the Baroque period in details, the Realism period was before the Impressionism period, and it still contained many details from the Baroque period, but with the Impressionism art there were many details and stories that were lost. The pictures didn’t depict life like characters, there was often sloppy work with less than ideal lighting, and the art was also made outdoors, often with the painters taking the canvas to their location, in the Baroque period you went to your canvas or painted in a workshop because the paint was not portable like in the Impressionism period. Impressionism was the end of conventional art, the Baroque period showed life like sculptures and paintings, Impressionism went away from that. Impressionism gave the artists freedom to break away from the usual art that was photo-esc, they would paint how they wanted, they left brush marks and would give little details compared to the Baroque period. The specific work of art I chose from the Baroque period is The Abduction of Europa by Rembrandt van Rijn and from the Impressionism period I chose the Houses of Parliament by Claude Monet. The comparisons between the two paintings are their attention to details, The Abduction by Rembrandt van Rijn is a very detailed picture of a lady on a horse that is running into the water, there are people on the shore trying to get her to stay there but she is being abducted across the river. The Houses of Parliament is a picture of a dark castle type building that appears to be on a river or lake, there are clear brush marks on the picture and it is not very detailed, the strokes are very rough unlike in The Abduction of Europa where it is a very fine line, it is almost hard to tell what you are looking at because of this. Impressionism changed how the world saw art, artists were no longer constrained to painting indoors, and they could move their canvas to any scene that they wanted to paint, carry their paint tubes and then paint. Artists were liberated from what art was, there were no rules or technique that they had to follow, and they were free to paint how they wanted and what they wanted. There are brighter color used in art now which is a direct influence from Impressionism times, and it is widely considered that Impressionism is the root of all modern art (Alan Oz, 2012). Alan Oz (2012) Retrieved from http://www.impressionism.org/finis.htm Mindedge (2013) Baroque and Impressionism. Retrieved from http://wgu.mindedgeonline.com/content.php?cid=19779

The launch of fiat 500 - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 15 Words: 4360 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Introduction On 4th July 2007, Fiat Auto the Flagship division of Fabbrica Italiana Automobili Torino (FIAT) re-launched its heritage brand the Fiat 500. It was exactly 50yrs after the launch of Fiat 500 on 4th July 1957, which not only helped Fiat in post World War-II recovery but also provided mass motorization to Italians. Luca De Meo, CEO, Fiat Auto, on the re-launch occasion stated that â€Å"This is the car that gave ordinary Italians four wheels for the first time; that transformed a country and a company.† (Duff 2007) In its 18yrs of career between 1957 and 1975, 3,893,294 Fiat 500s were built sold, which provided millions of Italians and Europeans individual mobility (The Fiat 500 2007). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The launch of fiat 500" essay for you Create order Post 1970 with beginning of free trade in Europe, Fiats market share eroded continuously. Foreign companies such as Volkswagen, Renault, Ford, Peugeot, Honda and Toyota became prominent players in the Italian car market threatening survival of Fiat. In 2004 Sergio Marchionne got appointed as the CEO of Fiat Group and directed the massive restructuring of the ailing business. The re-launch of Fiat 500 was one of the important strategic tools in rejuvenating Fiat. On the re-launch occasion Sergio commented that â€Å"I want Fiat to become the Apple of automobiles. And the 500 will be our iPod.† (Colleen 2007) â€Å"The 500 has always been in the hearts of Italians, and I think therefore that it will be a great success.† (Colleen 2007)- Silvia Depaoli, president of the Fiat 500 Club Italia. Fiat 500 Strategy: As per Ansoff (1957) growth matrix, Fiat adapted a product development strategy. Fiat leveraged the brand heritage of 500 in Italy (Europe) by re-launching it. Fiat adapted a market led paradigm and followed a relationship approach for success of 500. In the heart of 500s strategy was to keep the audience engaged from the very beginning and knowing them. As per Hambrick Fredrickson (2001), a good strategy should be able to be refined into five elements: Arena, Vehicle, Differentiator, Staging pacing and Economic logic. Following is the breakdown of 500s strategy, which is discussed in detail in the later part of this paper using Porter Wiersema framework. Arena (Where will we be active?): Fiat mainly focused on Italian and European customer for 500. It chose to focus on small car segment as demand for small fuel efficient cars was going up in European market because of rising fuel prices. For promotion of 500, Fiat chose to focus equally on online and offline media. As Fia t was targeting young-at-heart professionals and city-car drivers, and these customers spend time on the web. The online campaigning formed an effective and efficient bellow the line and soft communication tool for Fiat for targeting a broad customer segment. Vehicles (How will we get there?): The prime vehicle of the whole strategy was to take advantage of 500s heritage significance in Italian consumers. The success of re-launch of BMW Mini and Volkswagen Beetle proved the market for retro models. So Fiat also adapted the same strategy of re-launching its heritage 500. â€Å"The 500 has always been in the hearts of Italians, and I think therefore that it will be a great success,† said Silvia Depaoli, president of the Fiat 500 Club Italia (AutoNews 2007). Fiat diligently tried to attract customers sentiment for 500 through advertising campaigns, car rallies blogs. Further in the designing process of 500, Fiat included enthusiasts to participate and contribute to 500s desi gn. Differentiators (How will we win?): The unparalleled differentiator in Fiat 500 strategy was the huge range of options for customisation. It was unprecedented in small car segment. Practically a customer could customise 500 in 549,936 ways (Tagliabue 2007). Attractive finance options were also made available for 500. Further 500 was satisfying the emission norms of Euro 5, which was supposed to be implemented 2yrs later of the launch. The extended after sales services also formed a great differentiator in Fiats strategy. Additionally, the new Fiat 500 was designed by Frank Stephenson, the designer of new Mini and Beetle. All these differentiators helped Fiat positioning 500 in the target customer segment. Staging pacing: Initially, Fiat targeted for a sale of 120,000 units per annum with a breakeven point of 85,000 units. And further as 500 was in the heart of Italians, Fiat choose to launch 500 initially in Italy then to roll out to whole Europe. (AutoNews 2007) Econo mic logic (How will returns be obtained?): In Europe Fiat is known for in-expensive cars. However, for 500, Fiat charged a premium price by banking on 500s heritage value. At a conference in Prague, Fiat CEO, Luca De Meo remarked â€Å"I am not a fan of introducing [more] low-cost cars in Europe, we did it for years, and we went almost bankrupt.† (Maxwell 2007) Further to achieve an economy of scale Fiat decided to share the platform with Ford and use components from Fiat Panda. Porter and Treacy Wiersema frameworks: Porters framework (1980): In the strategic positioning matrix, a firm gets its strategic position depending upon the width of industry, it targets and the type of competitive advantage it chooses. The strategic position helps a firm in reducing the rivalry in its industry (Sanders 2009). Fiat adapted the broad differentiation strategy for 500. Fiat targeted a broad market for 500, maintaining its old image of peoples car. Sergio Marchionne said â€Å"I want Fiat to become the Apple of automobiles. And the 500 will be our iPod.† (Colleen 2007) And for the strategic advantage, Fiat chose differentiation. Fiat differentiated 500 by offering product customisation and enhanced services while charging a premium price (ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬10,500 for the basic model and could run up to ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬14,000 as per customisation (Tagliabue 2007)). As per Treacy and Wiersema (1993) framework Fiat adapted the value discipline of ‘customer intima cy for 500. Fiat 500 was projected as a car for everyone: â€Å"it is the car of the people, made by the people, for the people. The 500 is the ‘New Fiat and the ‘New Fiat belongs to everyone.† (Weenen 2007) By adapting customer intimacy Fiat offered a wide range of options to tailor 500 and enhanced after sales services to attract and satisfy customers. Fiat developed a unique market proposition by adapting customer intimacy and differentiation. Following are the elements of the proposition. Pre-launch campaign: Fiat tried to develop customer intimacy well before the launch of 500. It started a pre-launch online campaign â€Å"500 wants you†. In this campaign, enthusiasts were welcomed to join the competition of designing accessories for 500 and winning free accessories with the purchase of new 500. Over 3,000,000 enthusiasts participated and submitted their idea to the project. Fiats approach for designing of the new 500 was distinct and was very ap pealing to Fiat fans. Additionally, Fiat tried to reconnect with Italians through starting new fan clubs and blogs on the internet. XXIV Fiat 500 Rally: Fiat organised a grand rally for old 500s on 6th, 7th 8th of July 2007 in Garlenda, Italy just one day after the official launch of new 500. 1400 models including vintage models of 500 from all over the world participated in the rally, which helped in awakening Italians sentiment for 500. On this occasion Dante Giacosa 500 Multimedia Museum was also inaugurated, which features special models, designs, books, magazines, photographs and videos of 500 that provided Italy mass motorisation. Further on this occasion a new 500 was brought to the rally location through the air by a helicopter. (The New Fiat 500 at the ‘XXIV Fiat 500 Rally in Garlenda 2007) All these events got extensive media coverage and helped Fiat in its above the line communications. Patriotic advertisements: More than a year before the launch of 500, Fiat started advertising 500 with an aim to connect 500 with customers sentiment. In Italy Fiat advertised 500 by patriotic slogans such as â€Å"If youre Italian, you have to buy a Fiat† â€Å"The new Fiat belongs to all of us†. In Italy Fiat offered extras such as side stripe in colours of Italian flag. In France the slogan used was â€Å"The new Fiat is your history too.† (Tagliabue 2007) Through the campaigns, rallies and advertisements Fiat tried grabbing attention of Italians, excite interest in enthusiasts and create desire for 500. Extended options for customisation: The most unique about 500 was the extended range of options for customisation. Customers can tailor their 500 in more than 549,936 ways (Tagliabue 2007). Some of the options were 12 colours including six vintage colours with tri-coat. Pink colour to attract women customers. 15 types of upholstery including luxurious Cordura and Frau Leather. Seven types of interior trims. Full range of engines (1.2 8v Fire, 1.4 16v Fire and 1.3 16v Multijet). 9 types wheel rims. 19 types of stickers. Hand-stitched leather steering wheel covers. Electric fragrance diffuser with three types of fragrances. Coloured key case matching cars colour and many more. Extended payment options: The privilege of customisation was also made extended to payments and services. For example, in the â€Å"500 Cents† package a customer will pay only five Euros a day without any down payment as a part of the purchase plan. And in the â€Å"50 to 500† package, the customer will make a 50% down payment and rest payable after two years (Weenen 2007). Enhanced after sales services : Fiat 500 was initially offered with 5years/500,000km manufacturers guarantee and 24hrs roadside service. Further for periodical maintenances, Fiat offered to pick up the car from the customers place and customers mobility was made assured by reimbursement of taxi fare (Weenen 2007). The re-launching event: Fiat made re-launch of 500 a national event in Italy and organised it on the bank of PoRiver in Turin. In the event, pictures of famous people with old 500 and Italian history with old 500 were projected on huge screens. 7000 people from 63 countries includin g ministers, entrepreneurs, businesspeople, sports stars, and over thousand journalists attended the event. The whole event cost $16.4 million to the company. This event along with the XXIV Fiat 500 Rally formed a strong above the line communication tool for Fiat, as all these events were aired live on Italian mass media. Some of the other elements in the proposition which helped Fiat to develop customer intimacy: Mascot and logo campaign: Fiat launched an online competition for designing an official mascot and logo for it. Participants could download an online brief and submit their ideas to Fiat. Pregnant mom competition: The competition was only for pregnant moms, who thought would deliver a baby on the same day of re-launch of 500 (4th July 2007). And the winner of the competition was offered a new 500 as the prize. Analysis: Using all of these above mentioned methods and tools, Fiat has tried to follow customer intimacy. Nevertheless Fiat widely adapted â€Å"customer intimacy†, but there are also some signs of the third discipline â€Å"product technology leadership†. Fiat 500 was launched with Euro 5 emission standards, which was more than two years of the legislation deadline. It was also the first time that a compact car had achieved a 5-star, the highest rating possible, in the frontal EuroNCAP collision tests. Further seven airbags including a knee bag and BlueMe technology was also offered as a standard fitting, which was a novelty in small car segment (Tagliabue 2007). The BlueMe technology has been developed in association with Microsoft, which includes eco drive that helps the driver to drive in a kinder to environment and fuel efficient way, voice activated navigation system MP3 player. So it can be concluded that Fiat followed â€Å"customer intimacy† value proposition widely along with â€Å"product technology†. How do Fiats marketing strategies match its competitive position? A firms competitive position depends on its internal resources capabilities, the strategic group, the industry environment and the macro environment. Fiat adapted a differentiation and customer intimacy strategy as per Porter and Treacy Wiersema frameworks. In this part Fiats internal resources capabilities, the Italian car industry and macro environment have been examined to analyse the match between Fiats strategy and its competitive position. As Fiat was more focused on Italian market the following analysis is focused on the Italian car market and macro environment. Marketing environmental audit: In 2006, the European car industry surged by 17%, making Europe the fastest growing car market in the world. The proliferation of cars on European streets led to the congestion problem, as unlike United States, which is a large country with wide open spaces, European streets lack open space. Congestion along with rising fuel price made small cars more appealing to customers. This drove all major car manufacturers to focus on fuel efficient small cars, which can move around the cities quickly and safely. Following the market demand, major manufacturers launched small cars such as BMWs Mini, VWs Beetle and Fiats Panda. Value volume of Italian car market: Between 2005 and 2007 there has been a steady growth in Italys car industry both by volume and value. In 2007 with 2.5 million units sold, the market was worth $72billion. Analysts forecast that the Italian new car industry will be of $92billions in 2014, a rise of more than 30% since 2007. So there have been ample business opportunities for car manufacturers in Italian market. Industry life cycle: The steady growth trend of Italian car industry, the proliferation of large numbers of car manufacturers and aggressiveness of consumer has led to maturity phase of the industry. In this phase of industry life cycle, product features and differentiation plays the key role in success of a product. Companies should look for new innovations, product development and marketing mix to compete successfully (Kotler 1999, p. 630). Fiats innovation for 500 in terms of technology specifications and engaging customers in product development were matching requirements of the industry life cycle. Further its diligent marketing mix helped generate sentiment and customer for 500. Porters five force analysis (Porter 1980): The Italy new car market has a large number of buyers as 2.5 million units have been sold in 2007. The lower switching cost, availability of substitutes and easy accessibility of comparative information on the web drove threat of substitutes to be very high. Further Fiat cars were perceived as of low quality cars with low reliability. So, threat of substitute for Fiat was very high. However, buyer power of individual customers was moderate, because an individual lacks scale and scope to have a bargain with a car manufacturer but can choose a substitute product. Key inputs for this industry are steel and labour. The manufacturer has little control over the price of the inputs as prices are determined by market forces. So supplier power is also moderate. Threat of new entrants at the time of launch of 500 was low, as this industry requires a very high capital investment, return on investment is very low in comparison to other industries and the exit barriers are high. However, fol lowing the opening of European market in 1970, the Italian car market was already flooded with car manufacturers such as Peugeot, Volkswagen, General Motors, Renault, Ford, Honda and Toyota. So, the degree of rivalry was very high. Fiat lost its majority market share and its share of 52% in 1990 shrunk to less than 28% in 2003 (Jain 2007). From Porters five force analysis of Italian car industry, it implies that Fiats marketing strategy for 500 matches external market conditions. Degree of rivalry and threat of substitute were two major concerns for Fiat as the industry was getting more and more fragmented with the presence of a large number of players. And because of low product quality, Fiats brand identity was on stakes and product differentiation was at the lowest level. Fiats strategy of choosing differentiation and customer intimacy supported overcoming of these two barriers. The customisation options and pre-launch campaign (500 Wants you) allowed Fiat to develop a car, th at customers wanted. Further the rallies and patriotic advertisements helped Fiat to consolidate the fragmented car market and invigorate sentiments for 500. Environmental scanning PESTEL Analysis of Italy: Political: The opening up of European economy in 1970 allowed major auto manufacturers enter European and Italian market. This increased market competition. However, Fiat used its political clout in Italy to keep competition away. There were restrictions on Japanese car manufacturers on the number of cars they can import into Italy. Further, Fiat also utilised its political clout to get subsidises and concessions (Jain 2007). Economy: As per CIA World Factbook 2007 few of the major economic indicators are: Per capita GDP: $32,100 (ranked 22 in world), Urbanisation: 68% and Un-employment rate: 6.8%. High corporate tax of 31.4% (EU average 25.04%). (Datamonitor, Italy 2007) Social: 66.3% of total population is in the age group of 15 to 64 (CIA Factbook 2007), which is the target segment for Fiat 500. The graduation level in Italy has increased from 19% in 2002 to 39% in 2006. (Datamonitor, Italy 2007) Environmental: Carbon emission has increased to 474millions in 2007 from 448millions in 2002. So, the Italian government is planning to stringent emission laws. (Datamonitor, Italy 2007) Technological Legal: As Fiat 500 was one of the small cars with advance technologies, which are rare in this segment, so there was no known macro level technological effect on Fiat. No known legal issues related to re-launch of 500. Considering the PESTEL analysis of Italy, Fiats marketing strategies are in line with political, economy and environmental conditions of Italy. The per capita GDP and purchasing power make Italy an attractive market for car manufacturers. Further the new 500 was satisfying Euro 5 standards at the time of launch, which was two years ahead of regulation deadlines. Gap Analysis: The gap analysis will help us know whether Fiat could meet the needs of its customers. Post 1990, the prime reason for declination of Fiat was the lack of innovation and deterioration of quality of vehicles. Between 1995 and 2001 Fiat spent $4.5billion on RD in comparison to Volkswagens $20billion and Renaults $9billion (Economist 31st Jan 2003, cited by Momin 2008). The Fiat became synonymous with â€Å"Fix It Again Tony†, â€Å"Fehler In Allen Teilen† (defect in every part) and â€Å"Fur Italien Ausreichende Technik† (sufficient technology for Italy). Fiats market share in Italy fell down drastically from 52% in 1990 to below 28% in 2003 (Jain 2007). The BCG matrix analysis will help in revealing the reason for the gap and low RD expenditures. BCG Matrix: The primary reason for low RD expenditures was un-related acquisitions between 1990 and 2001. Some of Fiats acquisitions were Toro, Italys 3rd largest insurance company, Montendison, Italys largest private power production company and Case New Holland, an agriculture equipment manufacturer. Fiat also diversified into banking, telecom and pharmaceuticals sectors through acquisitions. Fiat neglected its cash cow (automobile business) and invested its financial and managerial resources on stars, dogs and question marks. This deprived the core auto business of the capital it required, resulting gaps in product range. Further, these acquisitions led to a debt burden of $5.6billions in 2003 (Phani 2003 p. 100, cited by Momin 2008). All these debt burdens and lost focus led to 75% utilisation of operational capacity at the manufacturing units, which is an essential performance indicator in manufacturing industry. Further in the last decade of twentieth century, Fiat focu sed on emerging markets such as Argentina, Brazil, Turkey, China and South America neglecting the mature markets such as North America Western Europe where growth was moderately low but demand was constant. Because of all these mismanagement, during the recession of 2001, Fiat was on the verge of bankruptcy, but was saved by a $2.8billion bank bailout. (Jain 2007) Turnaround strategy to fill the gap and rectify cash usage: In 2004, Sergio Marchionne took charge as the CEO of Fiat and embarked upon a massive restructuring program with a layoff of 6000 personnel. The same year Fiat showcased Trepiuno, a prototype similar to 500 at the Geneva Motor Show. The model attracted good review from all over the world and prompted Fiat to work on 500. The new 500 was designed by Frank Stephenson, who had successfully redesigned BMWs Mini. To reduce cost, 500 shared the platform, engine and other electrical equipment from Fiat Panda, another compact car. In 2005, Fiat centralised its RD a nd innovation functions and could acquire 80 new patents the same year. In 2006, Fiat radically increased its RD expenditures budget to $7.05billions for 2006-08. Further Fiat changed its purchasing policies. It started centralised purchasing and sourcing from low wage countries. This helped Fiat save 28% of material cost thus reducing production cost considerably and invest in RD. Segmental Positioning of Fiat: In spite of initial success of 500, industry analysts were skeptical about 500s success. As per them, although 500 has performed well in Italy and France, its success in other geographic regions is doubtful. Their apprehension was that, Fiat is generally known for manufacturing inexpensive small cars and its attempt to place 500 with BMWs Mini might not work. According to S. Whitwell, customers do prefer BMW Mini, not only for its nostalgic value but also for the quality reputation of BMW brand. And 500 may do well in Italy and some parts of Southern Europe. However, it is not iconic enough to get acceptance in other markets (Maxwell 2007). To counter competition from other incumbents Fiat pitched 500 against Mini. The 500 was priced ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬10,500 for the basic model and could run up to ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬14,000 with customisation (approximately around $13,600 and $21,000), little lower than price of mini ($18,050 $25,400). The pricing was to provide 500 the price advantage over Mini while charging a premium for the heritage value. In the above segmental positioning by Morrison-Jones (2006), Fiat has the medium brand perception and placed in differentiated product category. Where as BMW commands high brand perception and placed in luxure car segment. However, Volkswagen is placed in similar category as that of Fiat. According to Stephen Cheetham, customers may not feel to pay a premium price for 500 except in Italy where Fiat has a strong brand and good will (Maxwell 2007). Fiats world market sales: It is clear from the above sales figures that, Italy and Brazil are the primary market for Fiat. Though there is not much variance in sales figure in Brazilian market, Italys car sales eroded continuously between 2000 and 2005. Nevertheless, following the restructure in 2005, in 2006 sales improved. In 2006, number of units sold in Italy touched 852,000 and European market share increased to 7.5% from 6.5% of 2005. (Edmondson 2007) Kotlers Product Levels model (1969): As per this model, Fiat 500 is a level 5 potential product. 500s long heritage confirms its three core levels i.e. core benefits, generic product and expected product. The extended scope for customisation, finance or payment options, safety features and enhanced after sales service confirmed augmentation and differentiation of 500. Confirmation of Euro 5 standards and Fiats enthusiasm for innovation of 500 by launching 500 convertible and sports version, makes 500 a potential product. Marketing Audit (SWOT) From the above analysis of Fiats internal, external and macro environment, Fiats strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats are summarised. Strengths: Fiats one of the key strengths is the strong sentiment of Italians for Fiat. In 2000, GM had acquired 20% of share of Fiat and was ready for a complete takeover if Fiat wished so. During the restructuring process in 2005, GM agreed to hand back its Fiat shares for $2billions. This break-up was well received in Italy and Fiats advertisements proclaimed, â€Å"Fiat is all-Italian again†. (Jain 2007) Style look of Fiat 500 and options for customisation Euro 5 emission standard and Level 5 safety standard. Heritage value of 500 as it provided mass motorisation to Italy. A level 5 product in Kotlers product level model. Enhanced innovation capability after increase in RD expenditures. In-line with industry life cycle. Weakness: Lack of scale in comparison to its competitors. Peoples perception of Fiat as manufacturer of inexpensive cars. Tarnished quality image of Fiat cars. Opportunity: Increasing demand for small and fuel efficient cars. Increasing demand for retro cars. Rising purchasing power of Italians. Threats: High degree of rivalry and threat of substitutes in new car market. Low profit margin and high operational cost corporate tax. Analysis: From the SWOT analysis, it can be deduced that, Fiat has satisfactorily utilised its strengths for developing the marketing strategy for new 500 to cease the opportunities in the automobile market. By sharing platform and components with Panda, Fiat has minimised its weakness of lack of scale. Through extensive RD and involving people in the development of 500, Fiat has improved its brand perception. Further, the differentiation and customer intimacy strategy had helped Fiat to minimise the threats of high rivalry and substitutes. Conclusion: The sales phenomenon of 500 in Italy and France was very much appreciating for Fiat. The demand for 500 in first two days of launch exceeded its two quarters production. It received 57,000 dealer orders, where as it was planning to sell 50,000 to 60,000 units that year. Many customers were ready to pay a premium price to get the car that year. From the above graph it is clear that with the launching of 500 and restructuring, Fiats operating profit improved drastically. Further delighted with the success of 500, Fiat planned to launch 500 convertible and sport edition of 500. References: Ansoff, Igor. (1957). Strategies for Diversification. Harvard Business Review. AutoNews. (2007). Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne has big plans for little Fiat 500. 24hrs a Day Auto News. July 01, 2007. https://www.autonews24h.com/Auto-Industry/Fiat/1887.html (accessed April 04, 2010). Colleen, Barry.(2007). Fiat has big aspirations for little 500. 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